A 67 year old man with a history of liver cancer presents with 10 episodes of rectal bleeding and crampy intermittent abdominal pain over the past 24 hours.  He denies fever or vomiting and has no other complaints.   His last admission, 2 months ago, was for pyelonephritis and cholecystitis.  At that time he was [...]

A 95-year-old female presented to the ED with mid-epigastric
pain and non-bloody, non-bilious vomiting for 2 days.
PAST MEDICAL HISTORY: GERD, hypertension, hypothyroidism,
aortic valve surgery, C-section, cholecystectomy.

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:
GENERAL: The patient is alert, calm, and in no acute distress.
VITAL SIGNS: Normal except for slight tachycardia, which improved.
HEENT: Eyes clear. Oropharynx is moist.
LUNGS: [...]